The impact of the pandemic on childhood vaccination coverage

Abstract

Objective: to describe the impact of the pandemic during its onset in 2020 through the first half of 2022 on childhood vaccination coverage of children aged 0 to 9 years. Method: Integrative literature review. The research used a total of 61 documents, but after using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 documents remained to be research instruments, where they were found in the Scielo, VHL and CAPES databases. Results: from everything that was collected in the documents, 3 categories were elaborated where 2 of them, have subcategories, The categories and their respective subcategories in parentheses are: A. Immunity and vaccines (a. vaccine safety; b. childhood calendar vaccines); B. Epidemiological data and C. Knowledge of individuals and related factors (a. conspiratorial beliefs; b. social networks as a propagator of opinions; c. mothers' knowledge about vaccination. Conclusion: Vaccination coverage was declining before the arrival of the pandemic, but the scenario of global health crisis showed a favor of the permanence of this fall. It is noticeable that because it is an event never experienced by this generation and with easy access to the internet, a lot of misinformation, fake news and conspiratorial beliefs have emerged, further favoring the low adherence of vaccines.